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Journal of Bacteriology, July 1999, p. 4193-4197, Vol. 181, No. 14
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Visualization of AqpZ-Mediated Water Permeability in Escherichia coli by Cryoelectron Microscopy

Christian Delamarche,1 Daniel Thomas,1,* Jean-Paul Rolland,1 Alexandrine Froger,1 Jean Gouranton,1 Maria Svelto,2 Peter Agre,3 and Giuseppe Calamita2

UPRES-A CNRS 6026, Biologie Cellulaire et Reproduction, Equipe Canaux et Récepteurs Membranaires, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France1; Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale e Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy2; and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland3

Received 15 March 1999/Accepted 12 May 1999

Transport of water across the plasma membrane is a fundamental process occurring in all living organisms. In bacteria, osmotic movement of water across the cytoplasmic membrane is needed to maintain cellular turgor; however, the molecular mechanisms of this process are poorly defined. Involvement of aquaporin water channels in bacterial water permeability was suggested by the recent discovery of the aquaporin gene, aqpZ, in Escherichia coli. By employing cryoelectron microscopy to compare E. coli cells containing (AqpZ+) and lacking (AqpZ-) aquaporin, we show that the AqpZ water channel rapidly mediates large water fluxes in response to sudden changes in extracellular osmolarity. These findings (i) demonstrate for the first time functional expression of a prokaryotic water channel, (ii) evidence the bidirectional water channel feature of AqpZ, (iii) document a role for AqpZ in bacterial osmoregulation, and (iv) define a suitable model for studying the physiology of prokaryotic water transport.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: UPRES-A CNRS 6026, Equipe Canaux et Récepteurs Membranaires, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. Phone: 33 2 99286122. Fax: 33 2 99281477. E-mail: daniel.thomas{at}univ-rennes1.fr.

Journal of Bacteriology, July 1999, p. 4193-4197, Vol. 181, No. 14
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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