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Journal of Bacteriology, January 1999, p. 572-576, Vol. 181, No. 2
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Effect of ppGpp on Escherichia coli Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Synthesis Is Mediated through the RpoS Sigma Factor (sigma S)

Johannes Eichel,1,* Ying-Ying Chang,2 Dieter Riesenberg,1 and John E. Cronan Jr.2,3

Hans-Knöll Institute for Natural Products Research, Jena, Germany,1 and Departments of Microbiology2 and Biochemistry,3 University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801

Received 25 June 1998/Accepted 6 November 1998

Strains of Escherichia coli carrying mutations at the relA locus are deficient in cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthesis, a phospholipid modification that occurs as cultures enter stationary phase. RelA protein catalyzes the synthesis of guanosine-3',5'-bisdiphosphate (ppGpp); therefore, ppGpp was a putative direct regulator of CFA synthesis. The nucleotide could act by increasing either the activity or the amount of CFA synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the lipid modification. We report that the effect of RelA on CFA synthesis is indirect. In vitro and in vivo experiments show no direct interaction between ppGpp and CFA synthase activity. The relA effect is due to ppGpp-engendered stimulation of the synthesis of the alternative sigma factor, RpoS, which is required for function of one of the two promoters responsible for expression of CFA synthase.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Hans-Knoll Institute for Natural Products Research, Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany. Phone: 49-3641-65-68-14. Fax: 49-3641-65-68-00. E-mail: jeichel{at}pmail.hki-jena.de.

Journal of Bacteriology, January 1999, p. 572-576, Vol. 181, No. 2
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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