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Journal of Bacteriology, April 1999, p. 2038-2043, Vol. 181, No. 7
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Twelve pil Genes Are Required for Biogenesis of the R64 Thin Pilus

Tetsu Yoshida, Su-Ryang Kim, and Teruya Komano*

Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan

Received 26 August 1998/Accepted 21 January 1999

The IncI1 plasmid R64 produces two kinds of sex pili: a thin pilus and a thick pilus. The thin pilus, which belongs to the type IV family, is required only for liquid matings. Fourteen genes, pilI to -V, were found in the DNA region responsible for the biogenesis of the R64 thin pilus (S.-R. Kim and T. Komano, J. Bacteriol. 179:3594-3603, 1997). In this study, we introduced frameshift mutations into each of the 14 pil genes to test their requirement for R64 thin pilus biogenesis. From the analyses of extracellular secretion of thin pili and transfer frequency in liquid matings, we found that 12 genes, pilK to -V, are required for the formation of the thin pilus. Complementation experiments excluded the possible polar effects of each mutation on the expression of downstream genes. Two genes, traBC, were previously shown to be required for the expression of the pil genes. In addition, the rci gene is responsible for modulating the structure and function of the R64 thin pilus via the DNA rearrangement of the shufflon. Altogether, 15 genes, traBC, pilK through pilV, and rci, are essential for R64 thin pilus formation and function.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan. Phone: 81-426-77-2568. Fax: 81-426-77-2559. E-mail: komano-teruya{at}c.metro-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Bacteriology, April 1999, p. 2038-2043, Vol. 181, No. 7
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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