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Journal of Bacteriology, October 2000, p. 5864-5871, Vol. 182, No. 20
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification of a Copper-Responsive Two-Component System on the Chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12

George P. Munson,1,dagger Deborah L. Lam,2 F. Wayne Outten,1 and Thomas V. O'Halloran1,2,*

Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology1 and Department of Chemistry,2 Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113

Received 4 April 2000/Accepted 11 July 2000

Using a genetic screen we have identified two chromosomal genes, cusRS (ylcA ybcZ), from Escherichia coli K-12 that encode a two-component, signal transduction system that is responsive to copper ions. This regulatory system is required for copper-induced expression of pcoE, a plasmid-borne gene from the E. coli copper resistance operon pco. The closest homologs of CusR and CusS are plasmid-borne two-component systems that are also involved in metal responsive gene regulation: PcoR and PcoS from the pco operon of E. coli; CopR and CopS from the cop operon, which provides copper resistance to Pseudomonas syringae; and SilR and SilS from the sil locus, which provides silver ion resistance to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The genes cusRS are also required for the copper-dependent expression of at least one chromosomal gene, designated cusC (ylcB), which is allelic to the recently identified virulence gene ibeB in E. coli K1. The cus locus may comprise a copper ion efflux system, because the expression of cusC is induced by high concentrations of copper ions. Furthermore, the translation products of cusC and additional downstream genes are homologous to known metal ion antiporters.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL 60208-3113. Phone: (847) 491-5060. Fax: (847) 491-7713. E-mail: t-ohalloran{at}nwu.edu.

dagger Present address: Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

Journal of Bacteriology, October 2000, p. 5864-5871, Vol. 182, No. 20
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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