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Journal of Bacteriology, May 2001, p. 3117-3126, Vol. 183, No. 10
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.10.3117-3126.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase Homolog Is Essential for Photorhabdus luminescens To Support Growth and Reproduction of the Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Todd A. Ciche,dagger Scott B. Bintrim,Dagger Alexander R. Horswill, and Jerald C. Ensign*

Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Received 3 August 2000/Accepted 28 February 2001

The bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens is a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. The nematode requires the bacterium for infection of insect larvae and as a substrate for growth and reproduction. The nematodes do not grow and reproduce in insect hosts or on artificial media in the absence of viable P. luminescens cells. In an effort to identify bacterial factors that are required for nematode growth and reproduction, transposon-induced mutants of P. luminescens were screened for the loss of the ability to support growth and reproduction of H. bacteriophora nematodes. One mutant, NGR209, consistently failed to support nematode growth and reproduction. This mutant was also defective in the production of siderophore and antibiotic activities. The transposon was inserted into an open reading frame homologous to Escherichia coli EntD, a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl (Ppant) transferase, which is required for the biosynthesis of the catechol siderophore enterobactin. Ppant transferases catalyze the transfer of the Ppant moiety from coenzyme A to a holo-acyl, -aryl, or -peptidyl carrier protein(s) required for the biosynthesis of fatty acids, polyketides, or nonribosomal peptides. Possible roles of a Ppant transferase in the ability of P. luminescens to support nematode growth and reproduction are discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. Phone: (608) 262-7877. Fax: (608) 262-9865. E-mail: jcensign{at}facstaff.wisc.edu.

dagger Present address: Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950.

Dagger Present address: DowAgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2001, p. 3117-3126, Vol. 183, No. 10
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.10.3117-3126.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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