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Journal of Bacteriology, August 2001, p. 4413-4420, Vol. 183, No. 15
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.4.4413-4420.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Characterization of Desulfovibrio gigas Neelaredoxin, a Protein Involved in Oxygen Detoxification in Anaerobes

Gabriela Silva,1 Jean LeGall,1,2 António V. Xavier,1 Miguel Teixeira,1 and Claudina Rodrigues-Pousada1,*

Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal,1 and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 306022

Received 18 January 2001/Accepted 30 April 2001

Desulfovibrio gigas neelaredoxin is an iron-containing protein of 15 kDa, having a single iron site with a His4Cys coordination. Neelaredoxins and homologous proteins are widespread in anaerobic prokaryotes and have superoxide-scavenging activity. To further understand its role in anaerobes, its genomic organization and expression in D. gigas were studied and its ability to complement Escherichia coli superoxide dismutase deletion mutant was assessed. In D. gigas, neelaredoxin is transcribed as a monocistronic mRNA of 500 bases as revealed by Northern analysis. Putative promoter elements resembling sigma 70 recognition sequences were identified. Neelaredoxin is abundantly and constitutively expressed, and its expression is not further induced during treatment with O2 or H2O2. The neelaredoxin gene was cloned by PCR and expressed in E. coli, and the protein was purified to homogeneity. The recombinant neelaredoxin has spectroscopic properties identical to those observed for the native one. Mutations of Cys-115, one of the iron ligands, show that this ligand is essential for the activity of neelaredoxin. In an attempt to elucidate the function of neelaredoxin within the cell, it was expressed in an E. coli mutant deficient in cytoplasmic superoxide dismutases (sodA sodB). Neelaredoxin suppresses the deleterious effects produced by superoxide, indicating that it is involved in oxygen detoxification in the anaerobe D. gigas.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado-127, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal. Phone: (351-21) 4469624. Fax: (351-21) 4433644. E-mail: claudina{at}itqb.unl.pt.

Journal of Bacteriology, August 2001, p. 4413-4420, Vol. 183, No. 15
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.4.4413-4420.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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