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Journal of Bacteriology, April 2003, p. 2259-2266, Vol. 185, No. 7
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.7.2259-2266.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

YscP and YscU Regulate Substrate Specificity of the Yersinia Type III Secretion System

Petra J. Edqvist,1 Jan Olsson,1 Moa Lavander,1,2 Lena Sundberg,1,2 Åke Forsberg,1,2 Hans Wolf-Watz,1 and Scott A. Lloyd1*

Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå,1 Department of Microbiology, National Defense Research Agency, S-90182 Umeå, Sweden2

Received 3 July 2002/ Accepted 8 January 2003

Pathogenic Yersinia species use a type III secretion system to inhibit phagocytosis by eukaryotic cells. At 37°C, the secretion system is assembled, forming a needle-like structure on the bacterial cell surface. Upon eukaryotic cell contact, six effector proteins, called Yops, are translocated into the eukaryotic cell cytosol. Here, we show that a yscP mutant exports an increased amount of the needle component YscF to the bacterial cell surface but is unable to efficiently secrete effector Yops. Mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of the inner membrane protein YscU suppress the yscP phenotype by reducing the level of YscF secretion and increasing the level of Yop secretion. These results suggest that YscP and YscU coordinately regulate the substrate specificity of the Yersinia type III secretion system. Furthermore, we show that YscP and YscU act upstream of the cell contact sensor YopN as well as the inner gatekeeper LcrG in the pathway of substrate export regulation. These results further strengthen the strong evolutionary link between flagellar biosynthesis and type III synthesis.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201. Phone: (410) 706-7376. Fax: (410) 706-6205. E-mail: scottlloyd23{at}hotmail.com.

Journal of Bacteriology, April 2003, p. 2259-2266, Vol. 185, No. 7
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.7.2259-2266.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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