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Journal of Bacteriology, April 2003, p. 2563-2570, Vol. 185, No. 8
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.8.2563-2570.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Repression of Escherichia coli PhoP-PhoQ Signaling by Acetate Reveals a Regulatory Role for Acetyl Coenzyme A

Joseph A. Lesley and Carey D. Waldburger*

Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032

Received 23 September 2002/ Accepted 29 January 2003

The PhoP-PhoQ two-component system regulates the transcription of numerous genes in response to changes in extracellular divalent cation concentration and pH. Here we demonstrate that the Escherichia coli PhoP-PhoQ two-component system also responds to acetate. Signaling by the E. coli PhoP-PhoQ system was repressed during growth in acetate (>=25 mM) in a PhoQ-dependent manner. The periplasmic sensor domain of PhoQ was not required for acetate to repress signaling. Acetate-mediated repression of the PhoP-PhoQ system was not related to changes in the intracellular concentration of acetate metabolites such as acetyl-phosphate or acetyladenylate. Genetic analysis of acetate metabolism pathways suggested that a perturbation of acetyl coenzyme A turnover was the cause of decreased PhoP-PhoQ signaling during growth in acetate. Consistent with this hypothesis, intracellular acetyl coenzyme A levels rose during growth in the presence of exogenous acetate. Acetyl coenzyme A inhibited the autokinase activity of PhoQ in vitro, suggesting that the in vivo repressing effect may be due to a direct inhibition mechanism.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032. Phone: (212) 305-0251. Fax: (212) 305-1468. E-mail: cdw15{at}columbia.edu.

Journal of Bacteriology, April 2003, p. 2563-2570, Vol. 185, No. 8
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.8.2563-2570.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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