This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Jakubowski, S. J.
Right arrow Articles by Christie, P. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Jakubowski, S. J.
Right arrow Articles by Christie, P. J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2003, p. 2867-2878, Vol. 185, No. 9
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.9.2867-2878.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB6 Protein Participates in Formation of VirB7 and VirB9 Complexes Required for Type IV Secretion

Simon J. Jakubowski, Vidhya Krishnamoorthy, and Peter J. Christie*

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030

Received 10 January 2003/ Accepted 19 February 2003

This study characterized the contribution of Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB6, a polytopic inner membrane protein, to the formation of outer membrane VirB7 lipoprotein and VirB9 protein multimers required for type IV secretion. VirB7 assembles as a disulfide cross-linked homodimer that associates with the T pilus and a VirB7-VirB9 heterodimer that stabilizes other VirB proteins during biogenesis of the secretion machine. Two presumptive VirB protein complexes, composed of VirB6, VirB7, and VirB9 and of VirB7, VirB9, and VirB10, were isolated by immunoprecipitation or glutathione S-transferase pulldown assays from detergent-solubilized membrane extracts of wild-type A348 and a strain producing only VirB6 through VirB10 among the VirB proteins. To examine the biological importance of VirB6 complex formation for type IV secretion, we monitored the effects of nonstoichiometric VirB6 production and the synthesis of VirB6 derivatives with 4-residue insertions (VirB6.i4) on VirB7 and VirB9 multimerization, T-pilus assembly, and substrate transfer. A virB6 gene deletion mutant accumulated VirB7 dimers at diminished steady-state levels, whereas complementation with a plasmid bearing wild-type virB6 partially restored accumulation of the dimers. VirB6 overproduction was correlated with formation of higher-order VirB9 complexes or aggregates and also blocked substrate transfer without a detectable disruption of T-pilus production; these phenotypes were displayed by cells grown at 28°C, a temperature that favors VirB protein turnover, but not by cells grown at 20°C. Strains producing several VirB6.i4 mutant proteins assembled novel VirB7 and VirB9 complexes detectable by nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and two strains producing the D60.i4 and L191.i4 mutant proteins translocated IncQ plasmid and VirE2 effector protein substrates in the absence of a detectable T pilus. Our findings support a model that VirB6 mediates formation of VirB7 and VirB9 complexes required for biogenesis of the T pilus and the secretion channel.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 500-5440. Fax: (713) 500-5499. E-mail: Peter.J.Christie{at}uth.tmc.edu.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2003, p. 2867-2878, Vol. 185, No. 9
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.9.2867-2878.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Bao, W., Kumagai, Y., Niu, H., Yamaguchi, M., Miura, K., Rikihisa, Y. (2009). Four VirB6 Paralogs and VirB9 Are Expressed and Interact in Ehrlichia chaffeensis-Containing Vacuoles. J. Bacteriol. 191: 278-286 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Verma, A., Cheung, A. M., Burns, D. L. (2008). Stabilization of the Pertussis Toxin Secretion Apparatus by the C Terminus of PtlD. J. Bacteriol. 190: 7285-7290 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rances, E., Voronin, D., Tran-Van, V., Mavingui, P. (2008). Genetic and Functional Characterization of the Type IV Secretion System in Wolbachia. J. Bacteriol. 190: 5020-5030 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • den Hartigh, A. B., Rolan, H. G., de Jong, M. F., Tsolis, R. M. (2008). VirB3 to VirB6 and VirB8 to VirB11, but Not VirB7, Are Essential for Mediating Persistence of Brucella in the Reticuloendothelial System. J. Bacteriol. 190: 4427-4436 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zupan, J., Hackworth, C. A., Aguilar, J., Ward, D., Zambryski, P. (2007). VirB1* Promotes T-Pilus Formation in the vir-Type IV Secretion System of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J. Bacteriol. 189: 6551-6563 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Judd, P. K., Mahli, D., Das, A. (2005). Molecular characterization of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens DNA transfer protein VirB6. Microbiology 151: 3483-3492 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Judd, P. K., Kumar, R. B., Das, A. (2005). Spatial location and requirements for the assembly of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens type IV secretion apparatus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 11498-11503 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yuan, Q., Carle, A., Gao, C., Sivanesan, D., Aly, K. A., Hoppner, C., Krall, L., Domke, N., Baron, C. (2005). Identification of the VirB4-VirB8-VirB5-VirB2 Pilus Assembly Sequence of Type IV Secretion Systems. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 26349-26359 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kostakioti, M., Newman, C. L., Thanassi, D. G., Stathopoulos, C. (2005). Mechanisms of Protein Export across the Bacterial Outer Membrane. J. Bacteriol. 187: 4306-4314 [Full Text]  
  • Jakubowski, S. J., Cascales, E., Krishnamoorthy, V., Christie, P. J. (2005). Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB9, an Outer-Membrane-Associated Component of a Type IV Secretion System, Regulates Substrate Selection and T-Pilus Biogenesis. J. Bacteriol. 187: 3486-3495 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Alegria, M. C., Souza, D. P., Andrade, M. O., Docena, C., Khater, L., Ramos, C. H. I., da Silva, A. C. R., Farah, C. S. (2005). Identification of New Protein-Protein Interactions Involving the Products of the Chromosome- and Plasmid-Encoded Type IV Secretion Loci of the Phytopathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2315-2325 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhao, Y., Ma, Z., Sundin, G. W. (2005). Comparative Genomic Analysis of the pPT23A Plasmid Family of Pseudomonas syringae. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2113-2126 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cavard, D. (2004). Role of Cal, the colicin A lysis protein, in two steps of colicin A release and in the interaction with colicin A-porin complexes. Microbiology 150: 3867-3875 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Engledow, A. S., Medrano, E. G., Mahenthiralingam, E., LiPuma, J. J., Gonzalez, C. F. (2004). Involvement of a Plasmid-Encoded Type IV Secretion System in the Plant Tissue Watersoaking Phenotype of Burkholderia cenocepacia. J. Bacteriol. 186: 6015-6024 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shamaei-Tousi, A., Cahill, R., Frankel, G. (2004). Interaction between Protein Subunits of the Type IV Secretion System of Bartonella henselae. J. Bacteriol. 186: 4796-4801 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cascales, E., Christie, P. J. (2004). Definition of a Bacterial Type IV Secretion Pathway for a DNA Substrate. Science 304: 1170-1173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gilmour, M. W., Taylor, D. E. (2004). A Subassembly of R27-Encoded Transfer Proteins Is Dependent on TrhC Nucleoside Triphosphate-Binding Motifs for Function but Not Formation. J. Bacteriol. 186: 1606-1613 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hoppner, C., Liu, Z., Domke, N., Binns, A. N., Baron, C. (2004). VirB1 Orthologs from Brucella suis and pKM101 Complement Defects of the Lytic Transglycosylase Required for Efficient Type IV Secretion from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J. Bacteriol. 186: 1415-1422 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»