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Journal of Bacteriology, October 2004, p. 6671-6677, Vol. 186, No. 19
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.19.6671-6677.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Recent Genetic Transfer between Lactococcus lactis and Enterobacteria
Alexander Bolotin,* Benoit Quinquis, Alexei Sorokin, and Dusko S. Ehrlich
Génétique Microbienne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy en Josas, France
Received 28 October 2003/
Accepted 7 July 2004
The genome sequence of Lactococcus lactis revealed that the ycdB gene was recently exchanged between lactococci and enterobacteria. The present study of ycdB orthologs suggests that L. lactis was probably the gene donor and reveals three instances of gene transfer to enterobacteria. Analysis of ycdB gene transfer between two L. lactis subspecies, L. lactis subsp. lactis and L. lactis subsp. cremoris, indicates that the gene can be mobilized, possibly by conjugation.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Génétique Microbienne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy en Josas 78530, France. Phone: (33) 1 3465-2533. Fax: (33) 1 3465-2521. E-mail:
bolotine{at}jouy.inra.fr.
Journal of Bacteriology, October 2004, p. 6671-6677, Vol. 186, No. 19
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.19.6671-6677.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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