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Journal of Bacteriology, April 2004, p. 2309-2318, Vol. 186, No. 8
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.8.2309-2318.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Characterization of the cis-Acting Regulatory Element Controlling HrpB-Mediated Activation of the Type III Secretion System and Effector Genes in Ralstonia solanacearum{dagger}

Sébastien Cunnac, Christian Boucher, and Stéphane Genin*

Laboratoire Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA, UMR2594, BP27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France

Received 8 October 2003/ Accepted 15 December 2003

The ability of Ralstonia solanacearum to cause disease on plants depends on its type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by hrp genes. The expression of hrp genes and known TTSS substrates is coordinately regulated by HrpB, a member of the AraC family of transcriptional regulators. Two HrpB-regulated promoters (hrpY and popABC) were characterized by deletion analysis, and the HrpB-dependent activation of these promoters was found to be conferred by a 25-nucleotide DNA element, the hrpII box (TTCGn16TTCG), which is present in other hrp promoters. The hrpII box element is an imperfect plant inducible promoter box, an element which was originally found in hrp promoters of Xanthomonas campestris (S. Fenselau and U. Bonas, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8:845-854, 1995) but which was not characterized at the molecular level. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that the hrpII box is essential for hrpY promoter activation in vivo. Functional analysis of the hrpII box element identified critical parameters that are required for HrpB-dependent activity. Further mapping analyses of several other hrpB-dependent promoters also indicated that the position of the hrpII box is conserved, at –70 to –47 bp from the transcriptional start. As a first step toward identifying novel TTSS effectors, we used the hrpII box consensus sequence to search for potential HrpB-regulated promoters in the complete genome sequence of R. solanacearum strain GMI1000. Among the 114 genes identified, a subset of promoters was found to have a structural relationship with hrp promoters, thus providing a pool of candidate genes encoding TTSS effectors.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratoire Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA, UMR2594, BP27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France. Phone: 33561285416. Fax: 33561285061. E-mail: sgenin{at}toulouse.inra.fr.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, April 2004, p. 2309-2318, Vol. 186, No. 8
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.8.2309-2318.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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