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Journal of Bacteriology, July 2007, p. 5348-5360, Vol. 189, No. 14
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01867-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Vibrio cholerae Strains Possess Multiple Strategies for Abiotic and Biotic Surface Colonization{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Ryan S. Mueller,1 Diane McDougald,2 Danielle Cusumano,1 Nidhi Sodhi,2 Staffan Kjelleberg,2 Farooq Azam,1 and Douglas H. Bartlett1*

Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037,1 School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Biofouling and Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia2

Received 12 December 2006/ Accepted 26 April 2007

Despite its notoriety as a human pathogen, Vibrio cholerae is an aquatic microbe suited to live in freshwater, estuarine, and marine environments where biofilm formation may provide a selective advantage. Here we report characterization of biofilms formed on abiotic and biotic surfaces by two non-O1/O139 V. cholerae strains, TP and SIO, and by the O1 V. cholerae strain N16961 in addition to the isolation of 44 transposon mutants of SIO and TP impaired in biofilm formation. During the course of characterizing the mutants, 30 loci which have not previously been associated with V. cholerae biofilms were identified. These loci code for proteins which perform a wide variety of functions, including amino acid metabolism, ion transport, and gene regulation. Also, when the plankton colonization abilities of strains N16961, SIO, and TP were examined, each strain showed increased colonization of dead plankton compared with colonization of live plankton (the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum and the copepod Tigriopus californicus). Surprisingly, most of the biofilm mutants were not impaired in plankton colonization. Only mutants impaired in motility or chemotaxis showed reduced colonization. These results indicate the presence of both conserved and variable genes which influence the surface colonization properties of different V. cholerae subspecies.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Marine Biology Research Division, 4305 Hubbs Hall, 8750 Biological Grade, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of Caifornia, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (858) 534-5233. Fax: (858) 534-7313. E-mail: dbartlett{at}ucsd.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 11 May 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, July 2007, p. 5348-5360, Vol. 189, No. 14
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01867-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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