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Journal of Bacteriology, April 2007, p. 2683-2691, Vol. 189, No. 7
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01692-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Disruption of a Sugar Transporter Gene Cluster in a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Using a Host-Marker System Based on Antibiotic Resistance{triangledown}

Rie Matsumi, Kenji Manabe, Toshiaki Fukui, Haruyuki Atomi, and Tadayuki Imanaka*

Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan

Received 2 November 2006/ Accepted 19 January 2007

We have developed a gene disruption system in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis using the antibiotic simvastatin and a fusion gene designed to overexpress the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase gene (hmgTk) with the glutamate dehydrogenase promoter. With this system, we disrupted the T. kodakaraensis amylopullulanase gene (apuTk) or a gene cluster which includes apuTk and genes encoding components of a putative sugar transporter. Disruption plasmids were introduced into wild-type T. kodakaraensis KOD1 cells, and transformants exhibiting resistance to 4 µM simvastatin were isolated. The transformants exhibited growth in the presence of 20 µM simvastatin, and we observed a 30-fold increase in intracellular HMG-CoA reductase activity. The expected gene disruption via double-crossover recombination occurred at the target locus, but we also observed recombination events at the hmgTk locus when the endogenous hmgTk gene was used. This could be avoided by using the corresponding gene from Pyrococcus furiosus (hmgPf) or by linearizing the plasmid prior to transformation. While both gene disruption strains displayed normal growth on amino acids or pyruvate, cells without the sugar transporter genes could not grow on maltooligosaccharides or polysaccharides, indicating that the gene cluster encodes the only sugar transporter involved in the uptake of these compounds. The {Delta}apuTk strain could not grow on pullulan and displayed only low levels of growth on amylose, suggesting that ApuTk is a major polysaccharide-degrading enzyme in T. kodakaraensis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. Phone: 81 75 383 2777. Fax: 81 75 383 2778. E-mail: imanaka{at}sbchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 26 January 2007.

Journal of Bacteriology, April 2007, p. 2683-2691, Vol. 189, No. 7
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01692-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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