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Journal of Bacteriology, August 2008, p. 5143-5152, Vol. 190, No. 15
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00464-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Major Facilitator Superfamily-Type Transporter YmfE and the Multidrug-Efflux Activator Mta Mediate Bacillibactin Secretion in Bacillus subtilis{triangledown}

Marcus Miethke,1,2 Sarah Schmidt,1 and Mohamed A. Marahiel1*

Fachbereich Chemie/Biochemie der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans Meerwein Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany,1 Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany2

Received 4 April 2008/ Accepted 16 May 2008

High-affinity iron acquisition in Bacillus subtilis is mediated via the bacillibactin catechole siderophore pathway. Three of the four essential pathway steps, bacillibactin synthesis, Fe-bacillibactin uptake, and Fe-bacillibactin hydrolysis have been characterized previously. The functional and regulatory components for bacillibactin secretion, the second step of the siderophore pathway, remained unknown. In this study, the screening of a B. subtilis exporter mutant library led to the identification of the YmfE major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type transporter as a target for bacillibactin export. Analysis of iron-limited ymfE mutant cultures displayed an eightfold reduced bacillibactin secretion and, on the other hand, a 25-fold increased secretion of the bacillibactin precursor 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate. Investigation of the regulatory aspect revealed that bacillibactin secretion is, in contrast to all other components of the pathway, independent of the ferric uptake repressor Fur. Indeed, the MerR-type transcriptional regulator Mta was found to activate both bacillibactin secretion and ymfE gene expression, exposing Mta as an additional regulatory member of the bacillibactin pathway.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Fachbereich Chemie/Biochemie der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans Meerwein Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. Phone: 49 6421 2825722. Fax: 49 6421 2822191. E-mail: marahiel{at}chemie.uni-marburg.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 23 May 2008.

Journal of Bacteriology, August 2008, p. 5143-5152, Vol. 190, No. 15
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00464-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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