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J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.01301-07
Copyright (c) 2008, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Comparative genome analysis of "Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense" (subgroup tuf – Australia I; rp-A) and "Ca. P. asteris" strains OY-M and AY-WB

Charles Darwin University, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany; Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Dossenheim, Germany

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: lucy.tran-nguyen{at}nt.gov.au.

	Abstract

The chromosome sequence of "Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense" (subgroup tuf – Australia I; rp-A), associated with dieback in papaya, Australian grapevine yellows in grapevine and several other important plant diseases, was determined. The circular chromosome is represented by 879 324 nucleotides, a GC content of 27% and 839 protein coding genes. Five hundred and two of these protein-coding genes were functionally assigned, while 337 genes were hypothetical proteins with unknown function. Potential mobile units (PMUs) containing clusters of DNA repeats comprised 12.1% of the genome. These PMUs encoded genes involved in DNA replication, repair and recombination, nucleotide transport and metabolism, translation and ribosomal structure. Elements with similarities to phage integrases found in these mobile units were difficult to classify as they were similar to both insertion sequences and bacteriophages. Comparative analysis of "Ca. Phytoplasma australiense" with "Ca. Phytoplasma asteris" strains OY-M and AY-WB showed that the gene order was more conserved between the closely related "Ca. Phytoplasma asteris" strains than to "Ca. P. australiense". Differences observed between "Ca. P. australiense" and "Ca. P. asteris" strains included the chromosome size (18 693 bp larger than OY-M), a larger number of genes with assigned function and hypothetical proteins with unknown function.

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