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Journal of Bacteriology
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ENZYMES AND PROTEINS

Three cdg Operons Control Cellular Turnover of Cyclic Di-GMP in Acetobacter xylinum: Genetic Organization and Occurrence of Conserved Domains in Isoenzymes

Rony Tal, Hing C. Wong, Roger Calhoon, David Gelfand, Anna Lisa Fear, Gail Volman, Raphael Mayer, Peter Ross, Dorit Amikam, Haim Weinhouse, Avital Cohen, Shai Sapir, Patricia Ohana, Moshe Benziman
Rony Tal
Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608, and
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Hing C. Wong
Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608, and
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Roger Calhoon
Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608, and
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David Gelfand
Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608, and
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Anna Lisa Fear
Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608, and
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Gail Volman
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Raphael Mayer
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Peter Ross
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Dorit Amikam
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Haim Weinhouse
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Avital Cohen
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Shai Sapir
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Patricia Ohana
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Moshe Benziman
Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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DOI: 10.1128/JB.180.17.4416-4425.1998
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ABSTRACT

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is the specific nucleotide regulator of β-1,4-glucan (cellulose) synthase in Acetobacter xylinum. The enzymes controlling turnover of c-di-GMP are diguanylate cyclase (DGC), which catalyzes its formation, and phosphodiesterase A (PDEA), which catalyzes its degradation. Following biochemical purification of DGC and PDEA, genes encoding isoforms of these enzymes have been isolated and found to be located on three distinct yet highly homologous operons for cyclic diguanylate, cdg1, cdg2, andcdg3. Within each cdg operon, apdeA gene lies upstream of a dgc gene.cdg1 contains two additional flanking genes,cdg1a and cdg1d. cdg1a encodes a putative transcriptional activator, similar to AadR of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and FixK proteins of rhizobia. The deduced DGC and PDEA proteins have an identical motif structure of two lengthy domains in their C-terminal regions. These domains are also present in numerous bacterial proteins of undefined function. The N termini of the DGC and PDEA deduced proteins contain putative oxygen-sensing domains, based on similarity to domains on bacterial NifL and FixL proteins, respectively. Genetic disruption analyses demonstrated a physiological hierarchy among the cdg operons, such that cdg1contributes 80% of cellular DGC and PDEA activities andcdg2 and cdg3 contribute 15 and 5%, respectively. Disruption of dgc genes markedly reduced in vivo cellulose production, demonstrating that c-di-GMP controls this process.

  • Copyright © 1998 American Society for Microbiology
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Three cdg Operons Control Cellular Turnover of Cyclic Di-GMP in Acetobacter xylinum: Genetic Organization and Occurrence of Conserved Domains in Isoenzymes
Rony Tal, Hing C. Wong, Roger Calhoon, David Gelfand, Anna Lisa Fear, Gail Volman, Raphael Mayer, Peter Ross, Dorit Amikam, Haim Weinhouse, Avital Cohen, Shai Sapir, Patricia Ohana, Moshe Benziman
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1998, 180 (17) 4416-4425; DOI: 10.1128/JB.180.17.4416-4425.1998

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Three cdg Operons Control Cellular Turnover of Cyclic Di-GMP in Acetobacter xylinum: Genetic Organization and Occurrence of Conserved Domains in Isoenzymes
Rony Tal, Hing C. Wong, Roger Calhoon, David Gelfand, Anna Lisa Fear, Gail Volman, Raphael Mayer, Peter Ross, Dorit Amikam, Haim Weinhouse, Avital Cohen, Shai Sapir, Patricia Ohana, Moshe Benziman
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1998, 180 (17) 4416-4425; DOI: 10.1128/JB.180.17.4416-4425.1998
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KEYWORDS

Cyclic GMP
Gluconacetobacter xylinus
Isoenzymes
operon

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