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POPULATION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Population Genetic and Evolutionary Approaches to Analysis ofNeisseria meningitidis Isolates Belonging to the ET-5 Complex

J. A. Bygraves, R. Urwin, A. J. Fox, S. J. Gray, J. E. Russell, I. M. Feavers, M. C. J. Maiden
J. A. Bygraves
Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertsfordshire EN6 3QG, 1
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R. Urwin
Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2PS, 2 and
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A. J. Fox
Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester M20 8LR, 3 United Kingdom
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S. J. Gray
Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester M20 8LR, 3 United Kingdom
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J. E. Russell
Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertsfordshire EN6 3QG, 1
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I. M. Feavers
Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertsfordshire EN6 3QG, 1
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M. C. J. Maiden
Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2PS, 2 and
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DOI: 
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  • Fig. 1.
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    Fig. 1.

    The six porB alleles found in ET-5 complex meningococci, compared to the sequence of allele porB3-1. The sequences have been edited such that invariant bases have been removed, leaving only the variable sites. The positions in the sequence alignments of the variable bases are indicated by the vertical numbers at the top of the figure. Where a sequence varies from theporB3-1 sequence in a given allele this is shown by the appropriate letter. A period indicates that the sequence is identical to that of allele 3-1 at that position. Single changes, which are likely to be the result of de novo point mutational events, are shown as white text on black.

  • Fig. 2.
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    Fig. 2.

    The variable nucleotide sites of the nineporA alleles of ET-5 complex meningococci, compared with allele porA-2, are shown with the same conventions as used for porB in Fig. 1. The bases in those regions in loops I, IV, and V, encoding the variable regions of the gene, are indicated with arrowheads (<>). Variations likely to be the result of single de novo genetic events (point mutations, duplications, or deletions) are indicated as white text on a black background.

  • Fig. 3.
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    Fig. 3.

    Split graph of the relationships among members of the ET-5 complex. The split graphs were generated from concatenated sequences of the seven housekeeping loci with the porB andporA gene sequences. The smaller graph shows the detailed relationships within those isolates most closely related to the Norwegian ET-5 strain, H44/76. These isolates occupy the location marked by the arrow on the larger graph. Each of the edges in the graph has been annotated with the genetic change that it represents. Changes likely to be the result of single de novo genetic events (point mutations, deletions, or duplications) are shown as white text on a black background, and changes likely to be the result of recombination events are shown as boxed black text.

Tables

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  • Table 1.

    N. meningitidis strains

    IsolateLocation, yrMLST alleleSTporA alleleporAVR1,VR2porB allele
    abcZadkaroEfumCgdhpdhCpgm
    H44/76Norway, 1976410546383227,163-24
    NG 080Norway, 1981410546383227,163-24
    NG144/82Norway, 1982410546383227,163-63
    BZ83Holland, 19848105453834165c,103-1
    E360Bury St. Edmunds, UK, 1984410546383227,163-24
    BZ 169Holland, 19854105463832147b,163-14
    EG 329Germany, 19854105463832607a,163-24
    NG PB24Norway, 19854105463832577b,16g3-24
    F126Stroud, UK, 19864105453274127,16b3-24
    G1960Stroud, UK, 19874105453274127,16b3-24
    196/87Norway, 19874105463832617b,16l3-24
    8680Chile, 19874105463832417b,33-24
    J129Hackney, UK, 19888105463833419,153-3
    K80-01508Worcester, UK, 19898105463833165c,103-1
    K89-01713Worcester, UK, 19898105463833165c,103-1
    K89-02151Worcester, UK, 19898105463833165c,103-1
    K89-02160Worcester, UK, 19898105463833165c,103-1
    K89-02224Worcester, UK, 19898105463833165c,103-1
    L90-00684Hereford, UK, 19908105463833165c,103-1
    L90-01144Birmingham, UK, 19908105463833165c,103-1
    L90-01047Kidderminster, UK, 19908105463833165c,103-1
    204/92Cuba, 19928105463833419,153-8
  • Table 2.

    Changes in PorA protein variable regions with variants of P1.7,16

    AlleleVR combinationAmino acid sequence
    VR1VR2
    porA-2 7,16 AQAANGG--ASGQVKVTKVTKA YYTKDTN-----NNLTLVP
    porA-60 7a,16 AQAANGGAGASGQVKVTKVTKA YYTKDTN-----NNLTLVP
    porA-14 7b,16 AQAANGG--ASGQV---KVTKA YYTKDTN-----NNLTLVP
    porA-57 7b,16g AQAANGG--ASGQV---KVTKA YYTKDTNTKDTNNNLTLVP
    porA-12 7,16b AQAANGG--ASGQVKVTKVTKA YYTKNTN-----NNLTLVP
    porA-61 7b,16l AQAANGG--ASGQV---KVTKA YYTKDTN-----DNLTLVP
    porA-41 7b,3 AQAANGG--ASGQV---KVTKA TLANGAN-----NTIIRVP
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Population Genetic and Evolutionary Approaches to Analysis ofNeisseria meningitidis Isolates Belonging to the ET-5 Complex
J. A. Bygraves, R. Urwin, A. J. Fox, S. J. Gray, J. E. Russell, I. M. Feavers, M. C. J. Maiden
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1999, 181 (18) 5551-5556; DOI:

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Population Genetic and Evolutionary Approaches to Analysis ofNeisseria meningitidis Isolates Belonging to the ET-5 Complex
J. A. Bygraves, R. Urwin, A. J. Fox, S. J. Gray, J. E. Russell, I. M. Feavers, M. C. J. Maiden
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1999, 181 (18) 5551-5556; DOI:
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