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Table of Contents

April 2019; Volume 201,Issue 8

Spotlight

  • Free
    Articles of Significant Interest in This Issue
    Spotlight
    Articles of Significant Interest in This Issue

Commentary

  • Free
    One Basic Blueprint, Many Different Motors
    Commentary
    One Basic Blueprint, Many Different Motors

    The cytoplasmic C ring of the bacterial flagellum is known as the switch complex. It binds the response regulator phospho-CheY to control the direction of flagellar rotation.

    Michael D. Manson

Research Articles

  • <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> RpoS Regulates Genes Involved in Morphological Differentiation and Intracellular Growth
    Research Article
    Coxiella burnetii RpoS Regulates Genes Involved in Morphological Differentiation and Intracellular Growth

    The Q fever bacterium Coxiella burnetii has spore-like environmental stability, a characteristic that contributes to its designation as a potential bioweapon. Stability is likely conferred by a highly resistant, small cell variant (SCV) stationary-phase form that arises during a biphasic developmental cycle. Here, we define the role of the alternative sigma factor...

    Derek E. Moormeier, Kelsi M. Sandoz, Paul A. Beare, Daniel E. Sturdevant, Vinod Nair, Diane C. Cockrell, Heather E. Miller, Robert A. Heinzen
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> Can Inhibit Growth of Streptococcal Species via Siderophore Production
    Research Article | Spotlight
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa Can Inhibit Growth of Streptococcal Species via Siderophore Production

    Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections are increasingly recognized for their polymicrobial nature. These polymicrobial infections may alter the biology of the organisms involved in CF-related infections, leading to changes in growth, virulence, and/or antibiotic tolerance, and could thereby affect patient health and response to treatment. In this study, we demonstrate interactions between...

    Jessie E. Scott, Kewei Li, Laura M. Filkins, Bin Zhu, Sherry L. Kuchma, Joseph D. Schwartzman, George A. O’Toole
  • Open Access
    SpoIVA-SipL Complex Formation Is Essential for <em>Clostridioides difficile</em> Spore Assembly
    Research Article
    SpoIVA-SipL Complex Formation Is Essential for Clostridioides difficile Spore Assembly

    The metabolically dormant spore form of the major nosocomial pathogen Clostridioides difficile is its major infectious particle. However, the mechanisms controlling the formation of this resistant cell type are not well understood, particularly with respect to its outermost layer, the spore coat. We previously identified two spore-morphogenetic proteins in...

    Megan H. Touchette, Hector Benito de la Puebla, Priyanka Ravichandran, Aimee Shen
  • Roles of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> RecA, Nucleotide Excision Repair, and Translesion Synthesis Polymerases in Counteracting Cr(VI)-Promoted DNA Damage
    Research Article
    Roles of Bacillus subtilis RecA, Nucleotide Excision Repair, and Translesion Synthesis Polymerases in Counteracting Cr(VI)-Promoted DNA Damage

    It has been shown that, following permeation of cell barriers, Cr(VI) kills B. subtilis cells following a mechanism of reactive oxygen species-promoted DNA damage, which is counteracted by the guanine oxidized repair system. Here we report a distinct mechanism of Cr(VI)-promoted DNA damage that involves production of DPCs capable of eliciting the bacterial SOS...

    Fernando Santos-Escobar, Hilda C. Leyva-Sánchez, Norma Ramírez-Ramírez, Armando Obregón-Herrera, Mario Pedraza-Reyes
  • The Nitrogen Regulator GlnR Directly Controls Transcription of the <em>prpDBC</em> Operon Involved in Methylcitrate Cycle in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium smegmatis</span>
    Research Article
    The Nitrogen Regulator GlnR Directly Controls Transcription of the prpDBC Operon Involved in Methylcitrate Cycle in Mycobacterium smegmatis

    The success of mycobacteria survival in macrophage depends on its ability to assimilate fatty acids and cholesterol from the host. The cholesterol and fatty acids are catabolized via β-oxidation to generate propionyl coenzyme A (propionyl-CoA), which is then primarily metabolized via the methylcitrate cycle. Here, we found a typical GlnR binding box in the prp operon, and the affinity is much stronger than that of PrpR, a...

    Wei-Bing Liu, Xin-Xin Liu, Meng-Jia Shen, Guo-Lan She, Bang-Ce Ye
  • SlyA and HilD Counteract H-NS-Mediated Repression on the <em>ssrAB</em> Virulence Operon of <em>Salmonella enterica</em> Serovar Typhimurium and Thus Promote Its Activation by OmpR
    Research Article
    SlyA and HilD Counteract H-NS-Mediated Repression on the ssrAB Virulence Operon of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Thus Promote Its Activation by OmpR

    The global regulator H-NS represses the expression of acquired genes and thus avoids possible detrimental effects on bacterial fitness. Regulatory mechanisms are adapted to induce expression of the acquired genes in particular niches to obtain a benefit from the information encoded in the foreign DNA, as for pathogenesis. Here, we show two mechanisms that were integrated for the expression of virulence genes in...

    María M. Banda, Crispín Zavala-Alvarado, Deyanira Pérez-Morales, Víctor H. Bustamante
  • Mechanisms of Resistance to the Contact-Dependent Bacteriocin CdzC/D in <em>Caulobacter crescentus</em>
    Research Article
    Mechanisms of Resistance to the Contact-Dependent Bacteriocin CdzC/D in Caulobacter crescentus

    Bacteriocins are commonly used by bacteria to kill neighboring cells that compete for resources. Although most bacteriocins are secreted, the aquatic, oligotrophic bacterium Caulobacter crescentus produces a two-peptide bacteriocin, CdzC/D, that remains attached to the outer membranes of cells, enabling contact-dependent killing of cells lacking the immunity protein...

    Leonor García-Bayona, Kevin Gozzi, Michael T. Laub
  • Identification of a Fifth Antibacterial Toxin Produced by a Single <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bacteroides fragilis</span> Strain
    Research Article | Spotlight
    Identification of a Fifth Antibacterial Toxin Produced by a Single Bacteroides fragilis Strain

    The intestinal microbiota is a diverse microbial ecosystem that provides numerous benefits to humans. The factors that govern its establishment and stability are just beginning to be elucidated. Identification and characterization of antimicrobial toxins produced by its members and their killing range are essential to understanding the role of antagonism in community composition and stability. Here, we identify a fifth antimicrobial...

    Andrew M. Shumaker, Valentina Laclare McEneany, Michael J. Coyne, Pamela A. Silver, Laurie E. Comstock
  • Free
    Organization of the Flagellar Switch Complex of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bacillus subtilis</span>
    Research Article
    Organization of the Flagellar Switch Complex of Bacillus subtilis

    Flagellar motility plays key roles in the survival of many bacteria and in the harmful action of many pathogens. Bacterial flagella rotate; the direction of flagellar rotation is controlled by a multisubunit protein complex termed the switch complex. This complex has been extensively studied in Gram-negative model species, but little is known about the complex in Bacillus...

    Elizabeth Ward, Eun A Kim, Joseph Panushka, Tayson Botelho, Trevor Meyer, Daniel B. Kearns, George Ordal, David F. Blair
  • Roles of the DedD Protein in <em>Escherichia coli</em> Cell Constriction
    Research Article
    Roles of the DedD Protein in Escherichia coli Cell Constriction

    Cell division (cytokinesis) is a fundamental biological process that is incompletely understood for any organism. Division of bacterial cells relies on a ring-like machinery called the septal ring or divisome that assembles along the circumference of the mother cell at the site where constriction eventually occurs. In the well-studied bacterium Escherichia coli, this...

    Bing Liu, Cynthia A. Hale, Logan Persons, Polly J. Phillips-Mason, Piet A. J. de Boer
  • Inactivation of <em>cysL</em> Inhibits Biofilm Formation by Activating the Disulfide Stress Regulator Spx in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Bacillus subtilis</span>
    Research Article
    Inactivation of cysL Inhibits Biofilm Formation by Activating the Disulfide Stress Regulator Spx in Bacillus subtilis

    Bacillus subtilis has been studied as a model organism for biofilm formation. In this study, I explored why the cysL deletion mutant was defective in biofilm formation. I demonstrated that the ΔcysL mutation activated the disulfide stress response regulator Spx, which inhibits biofilm formation by repressing biofilm matrix genes. Homologs of Spx are...

    Kazuo Kobayashi
  • Defining the Role of the <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> Sht-Family Proteins in Zinc Acquisition and Complement Evasion
    Research Article
    Defining the Role of the Streptococcus agalactiae Sht-Family Proteins in Zinc Acquisition and Complement Evasion

    This study examined the role of the two streptococcal histidine triad (Sht) proteins of Streptococcus agalactiae in zinc homeostasis and complement resistance. We showed that Sht and ShtII facilitate zinc homeostasis in conjunction with the metal-binding proteins Lmb and AdcAII. Here, we show that the Sht-family proteins are functionally redundant with overlapping...

    P. Moulin, V. Rong, A. Ribeiro E Silva, V. G. Pederick, E. Camiade, L. Mereghetti, C. A. McDevitt, A. Hiron
  • Genetics behind the Biosynthesis of Nonulosonic Acid-Containing Lipooligosaccharides in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Campylobacter coli</span>
    Research Article
    Genetics behind the Biosynthesis of Nonulosonic Acid-Containing Lipooligosaccharides in Campylobacter coli

    Despite the fact that Campylobacter coli a major foodborne pathogen, its glycobiology has been largely neglected. The genetic makeup of the C. coli lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis locus was largely unknown until recently. C. coli...

    Alejandra Kolehmainen, Mirko Rossi, Jacek Stupak, Jianjun Li, Michel Gilbert, Warren Wakarchuk
  • Experimental Evolution of Extreme Resistance to Ionizing Radiation in <em>Escherichia coli</em> after 50 Cycles of Selection
    Research Article
    Experimental Evolution of Extreme Resistance to Ionizing Radiation in Escherichia coli after 50 Cycles of Selection

    Some bacterial species exhibit astonishing resistance to ionizing radiation, with Deinococcus radiodurans being the archetype. As natural IR sources rarely exceed mGy levels, the capacity of Deinococcus to survive 5,000 Gy has been attributed to desiccation resistance. To understand the molecular basis of true extreme IR resistance, we are using experimental...

    Steven T. Bruckbauer, Joseph D. Trimarco, Joel Martin, Brian Bushnell, Katherine A. Senn, Wendy Schackwitz, Anna Lipzen, Matthew Blow, Elizabeth A. Wood, Wesley S. Culberson, Christa Pennacchio, Michael M. Cox

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Journal of Bacteriology: 201 (8)

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volume 201, issue 8
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